appellate review

In one sentence

A higher court's examination of a lower court's decision to check for legal errors.

Plain English

Appellate review is the process by which a higher court examines the record of a lower court's decision to determine whether legal errors occurred. The appellate court doesn't retry the case or hear new evidence; instead, it reviews what happened in the original trial to see if the law was applied correctly. If errors are found, the appellate court can reverse, modify, or affirm the lower court's decision.

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Example

After losing a trial, a defendant appeals to the state court of appeals. The appellate court reviews the trial transcript, evidence, and legal arguments to determine whether the trial judge made any errors in applying the law or allowing improper evidence.

Used in a sentence

“The appellate review revealed that the trial judge had improperly admitted hearsay evidence, so the conviction was reversed.”

Related terms

appeal as of right

An appeal that a defendant can file automatically without needing special permission from the court.

appeal bond

Money or security posted to allow a convicted defendant to remain free while appealing their conviction.

Sentencing

The judge's decision on punishment after a defendant is found guilty.

Prosecution

The government's legal action to charge and try someone for a crime.

adjudication hearing

A court proceeding where a judge hears evidence and makes a formal decision about a legal matter.

Stand Your Ground

A law allowing a person to use force, including deadly force, to defend themselves without a duty to retreat.

Castle Doctrine

A law stating that a person's home is their castle and they can use force to defend it without duty to retreat.

Expungement

A legal process that erases or seals a criminal conviction from your record.

This page is a plain-English reference and is not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change over time. For specific situations consult a licensed attorney.