Indictment

Also known as: Formal Accusation

In one sentence

A formal written accusation charging someone with a crime, issued by a grand jury.

Plain English

An indictment is an official document that says a grand jury (a group of citizens) has found enough evidence to believe a person probably committed a crime. It's not a conviction—it's just the formal charge that allows a criminal case to move forward. The grand jury reviews evidence presented by prosecutors and votes on whether to indict. Once indicted, the defendant must appear in court to answer the charges.

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Example

After reviewing witness statements and physical evidence, a grand jury votes to indict a suspect for armed robbery. The indictment is filed with the court, and the suspect is arrested and arraigned.

Used in a sentence

“The grand jury returned an indictment against three individuals for conspiracy to commit fraud.”

Related terms

Grand Jury

A group of citizens who review evidence to decide if there's probable cause to charge someone with a crime.

Arraignment

A defendant's first court appearance to hear charges and enter a plea.

Discovery

The legal process where parties exchange information and evidence before trial.

acquittal

A court decision that a defendant is not guilty of the charges.

amended complaint

A revised version of a criminal or civil complaint filed to correct or add charges.

Stand Your Ground

A law allowing a person to use force, including deadly force, to defend themselves without a duty to retreat.

Castle Doctrine

A law stating that a person's home is their castle and they can use force to defend it without duty to retreat.

Expungement

A legal process that erases or seals a criminal conviction from your record.

This page is a plain-English reference and is not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change over time. For specific situations consult a licensed attorney.