Evidence

Also known as: Proof

In one sentence

Information, documents, or physical items presented in court to prove or disprove facts.

Plain English

Evidence is anything used to establish whether something happened or didn't happen in a legal case. This includes physical objects (like a weapon or document), witness testimony, photographs, DNA results, or expert opinions. Both the prosecution and defense present evidence to support their arguments, and the judge or jury weighs this evidence to reach a verdict.

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Example

In a theft case, the prosecution presented a video recording showing the defendant taking merchandise, a receipt with the defendant's fingerprints, and testimony from the store manager. This evidence helped prove the defendant committed the theft.

Used in a sentence

“The judge ruled that the evidence obtained without a warrant was inadmissible in court.”

Related terms

Exclusionary Rule

Evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court against a defendant.

forensic evidence

Physical or scientific evidence collected and analyzed to establish facts in a criminal investigation or trial.

Deposition

A formal out-of-court questioning of a witness or party under oath, with a transcript recorded.

Beyond a Reasonable Doubt

The highest standard of proof required to convict a defendant in a criminal trial.

Bench Trial

A trial where a judge, not a jury, decides guilt or innocence.

Conviction

A formal declaration that someone is guilty of a crime after trial or plea.

Stand Your Ground

A law allowing a person to use force, including deadly force, to defend themselves without a duty to retreat.

Castle Doctrine

A law stating that a person's home is their castle and they can use force to defend it without duty to retreat.

This page is a plain-English reference and is not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change over time. For specific situations consult a licensed attorney.