Affirmation

In one sentence

A party's decision to keep a contract or agreement even after discovering a reason to cancel it.

Plain English

Affirmation is when you choose to stick with a deal even though you've found out something that would normally let you back out—like discovering fraud or a mistake. Once you affirm a contract, you lose the right to cancel it later based on that problem. You can affirm by actually saying so, or by your actions (like continuing to perform under the contract or accepting benefits from it).

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Example

You discover your car has a hidden mechanical defect that the seller didn't disclose. You take it to a mechanic, get it fixed, and keep driving it for six months. Your actions amount to affirmation of the purchase, and you probably can't now demand your money back.

Used in a sentence

“The buyer's affirmation of the contract by accepting delivery and making payments waived her right to rescind.”

Related terms

Rescission

Unwinding a contract entirely, returning both parties to their positions before the deal.

Voidable Contract

A contract that one party can cancel or reject, but is otherwise valid.

Discharge of Contract

The release of both parties from their contractual obligations.

Estoppel

A legal rule preventing someone from contradicting their own prior actions or words.

Fraud

Intentional deception or misrepresentation made to trick someone into entering a contract or deal.

Offer

A proposal to enter into a binding agreement on specific terms.

Acceptance

Agreeing to the exact terms of an offer, creating a binding contract.

Consideration

Something of value exchanged by each party to make a contract binding.

This page is a plain-English reference and is not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change over time. For specific situations consult a licensed attorney.